KUPPAM • ANDHRA PRADESH • ESTD. 1997
Best Practices

Mother Tongue to Other Tongue and the Dissemination of Dravidian Genius

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Objectives of the Practice

The Dravidian University Act, 1997 envisages the development of Dravidian languages including Tribal languages, literature, culture, and the dissemination of knowledge. In tune with these guidelines, Dravidian University has established Anusrijana (Translation Bureau) and Prasaaranga (Publication Wing).

These institutions undertake translations and publications in all major languages including English, with the objective of introducing the genius of Dravidian culture to the rest of the world. Anusrijana translates canonical texts from Dravidian languages and publishes them through Prasaaranga.

Prasaaranga publishes quality research works by eminent writers and runs scholarly journals, thereby contributing to the academic enrichment of Dravidian studies.

The Context

The University intends to incorporate the Dravidian component in all courses of Humanities and Social Sciences. The non-availability of classical texts and printed material related to oral traditions and unwritten Dravidian languages has been a serious limitation.

Hence, the University felt the need to get such texts printed and translated. The historic mission started in 2007 resulted in the publication of 28 books, which include unpublished manuscripts.

In addition to encyclopaedias, monographs, glossaries, and descriptive studies, Prasaaranga has published works on folk literature, culture, history, philosophy, religion, anthropology, sociology, political science, popular science, and daily household activities.

The Practice

To unveil unity in Dravidian culture, Anusrijana has taken up translations among Dravidian languages extensively. The University strongly believes that national integrity will be achieved only through emotional integrity and cultural unity.

Translation of works among Dravidian languages such as Telugu, Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam, and Tulu is undertaken along with English. One standard book in one language is translated into other languages and vice versa, thereby facilitating knowledge transfer from one language to another.

The University, through interaction with scholars working in Dravidian languages, identifies scholarly manuscripts, gets them edited, prepares press copies, and publishes them. If manuscripts are relevant and useful for other Dravidian languages, the University arranges for their translation into those languages.

Anusrijana identifies canonical works in other languages to transform that genius to the rest of the world and searches for competent bilingual scholars and translators who could undertake the translation.

The University also endeavours to identify quality research works done in other universities and institutions on various Dravidian languages, literature, and oral literature, and contacts the researchers to obtain necessary permissions.

As the motto of Dravidian University is to bring out only quality research work, the manuscripts collected through the above process are sent to two experts in the field for evaluation. If recommended, the editorial wing immediately undertakes preparation of press copies and sends them for printing.

In this entire process, teachers are actively involved. The best manuscripts of Dravidian University teachers are also considered for publication.

Evidence of Success

As the books published by Prasaaranga reflect high academic quality, they have received appreciation from scholars throughout the country. Eminent scholars such as V.I. Subramonyam, V.A.K. Ranga Rao, Bh. Krishna Murti, C. Narayana Reddy, P.S. Subrahmanyam, and Iravatham Mahadevan have offered valuable comments on these publications.

Scholars of international repute, including Prof. Bh. Krishna Murti and Prof. P.S. Subrahmanyam, have published their works through Prasaaranga. The renowned American scholar Prof. Andres Sjöberg submitted her manuscript titled “Dravidian Language and Culture” for publication.

To familiarise tribal lore and culture to the rest of the world, Prasaaranga published monographs under the Tribal Series, including Myasabedas, Bairas, Medas (Karnataka); Kattunaicken, Adiyan, Irula, Kanikkar, Aranadan (Kerala); and Kunubis: Marati Nayaka (Karnataka Tribes).

Other notable publications include Koraga Grammar, A Comparative Grammar of the Gondi Dialects, Descriptive Grammar of the Kui Language, and Pre and Proto-Historic Andhra Pradesh up to 500 B.C., published in collaboration with the A.P. History Congress.

So far, Prasaaranga has published 281 books in six languages, including 70 translation works (English – 23, Telugu – 12, Kannada – 18, Tulu – 1, Tamil – 11, Malayalam – 5).

Dravidian University proudly declares that it is the only university to have published 12 books in the Tulu language and to have an exclusive Department of Tulu and Translation Studies.

Prasaaranga also initiates academic projects such as Vajrakosam (Telugu–Telugu Dictionary) and Telugu Karadeepika, which are highly useful for students preparing for competitive examinations.

Additionally, Prasaaranga publishes four bi-annual journals: Dravida Bharati (Telugu), Dravida Kasturi (Kannada), Dravida Malar (Tamil), and Dravida Dhvani (Malayalam).

Problems Encountered and Resources Required

There is a dearth of good translators in all major Dravidian languages, which has become a limitation for the further progress of translation activities. The absence of experts in translation studies also creates difficulties in scrutinising manuscripts.

To overcome this hurdle, the University conducts seminars and workshops exclusively on translation, helping identify competent translators.

Selling and distribution of scholarly books remains a challenge due to limited demand. Despite financial constraints, the University continues its historic mission of disseminating Dravidian genius to the rest of the world.

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